{"id":7841,"date":"2024-12-14T10:18:06","date_gmt":"2024-12-14T06:18:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/?page_id=7841"},"modified":"2025-01-10T13:27:52","modified_gmt":"2025-01-10T09:27:52","slug":"procyon","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/procyon\/","title":{"rendered":"PROCYON: orbital observations from the COSMOS satellite"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\n

In 1961, at TsKB Foton (KOMZ), together with TsSKB Progress, work began on the astrophysical satellite PROCION, the scientific director of which was Grigor A. Gurzadyan. In 1964, a government decree was adopted on the creation of the astrophysical satellite Procyon.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Scientific program<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\n

Photographing individual areas of the sky (galaxies, star clusters, nebulae) in the following ranges: Lyman alpha (1216 A), 2000-2500 A, 2500-3000 A, 3000-3600 A, 3600-5000 A.<\/span><\/p>\n

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  • Obtaining spectrograms of stars and galaxies in the range of 1800-5000 A.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Obtaining spectrograms of stars and galaxies in the range of 1100-1300 A.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Photographing the Sun (chromosphere) in Lyman alpha.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Photographing the Sun (corona) in three ranges of X-ray radiation: 1.5 – 3 A, 8 – 22 A, 40 – 110 A.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Obtaining spectrograms of the solar corona in the range 900 – 1800 A.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Photographing the Sun’s corona (up to 19R).<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Obtaining spectrograms of the Sun in the range of 500-1500 A<\/span><\/li>\n
  • Electrophotometric measurement of the surface brightness of the galaxy in two ranges: 1600-2500 A and 3600-5000 A.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Complete set of scientific instruments of one of the satellite variants<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/td>\nMeniscus telescope A, D250, 1:4, 2W = 5\u00b0,<\/span><\/td>\nGA0, \u041f\/\u042f 157<\/span><\/td>\nDraft design<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\nMeniscus telescope B, D250, 1:4, 2W = 5\u00b0,<\/span><\/td>\nGA0, \u041f\/\u042f 157<\/span><\/td>\nDraft design<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\nLyman alpha camera for the Sun, D100, 1:8,<\/span><\/td>\nBAO<\/a><\/span>, GOMZ<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/td>\nTechnical project<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\nCoronal spectrograph, 900 -1800 \u0410,<\/span><\/td>\nBAO, GOMZ<\/span><\/td>\nTechnical project<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\nSolar spectrograph, 500 -1300 \u0410,<\/span><\/td>\nBAO, GOMZ<\/span><\/td>\nTechnical project<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\nX-ray cameras for the Sun, 16 \u0448\u0442. 500 \u043c\u043c,<\/span><\/td>\nBAO, GOMZ<\/span><\/td>\nTechnical project<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\nDouble star electrophotometer<\/span><\/td>\nBAO, GOMZ<\/span><\/td>\nTechnical project<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\nShortwave coronagraph, D40, 1:10,<\/span><\/td>\nBAO, GOMZ<\/span><\/td>\nDraft design.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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Optical calculations of various versions of meniscus telescopes for the Procyon project were performed by one of the largest optics of the Soviet Union, corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n\n\n\n
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From the “History of TsSKB<\/strong>” (TsSKB Progress, Samara) – source:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • In 1961<\/strong>, studies began on materials on the possibility of creating an astrophysical satellite 22K Procyon.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • 1963<\/strong>. Work continued on the pre-design study and development of drawings for the satellites 5K (heliophysical), 22K Procyon<\/strong> (astrophysical) and 24K (radiation) and on the soft landing of the side blocks of the 8K74 product.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • 1965<\/strong>. Work continued on the autonomous Nauka<\/strong> satellite.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • 1969<\/strong>. On November 12, the autonomous satellite \u201cNauka<\/strong>\u201d 3KS No. 1 \u201cVega<\/strong>\u201d was launched (\u201cCosmos-309″) in order to test the Vega high-precision attitude control system.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n

\"\"<\/a>The Procyon<\/strong> project was not completed for a number of reasons, but a flight experiment called Kamerton<\/strong> to test a precision orientation system was carried out in 1969 on the Kosmos-309<\/strong> satellite, on which an additional payload was installed – an autonomous satellite (container) ZKS Nauka<\/strong>. A small telescope and photo guides were installed in the container, which were supposed to stabilize the entire apparatus according to the stars.<\/span><\/p>\n

On November 12, 1969, the Voskhod 11A57<\/strong> launch vehicle was launched from the Plesetsk cosmodrome, which launched the Kosmos-309<\/strong> optical reconnaissance satellite (04223 \/ 1969098A) into low-Earth orbit. The Zenit-2<\/strong> type spacecraft (No. 80) was launched into orbit with the following parameters: orbital inclination – 65.4 degrees; circulation period – 90.1 minutes; <\/span>minimum distance from the Earth’s surface (at perigee) – 203 km; the maximum distance from the Earth’s surface (at apogee) is 384 km.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Camera<\/a>
Camera returned from space with autographs of project participants<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A few days after the successful completion of the scientific program, an autonomous container with the results of experiments was undocked from the satellite and landed on Earth, which were transferred to the development group led by G. Gurzadyan. The satellite itself completed its work on November 20, 1969 and was lowered to Earth near the city of Tselinograd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Subsequently, on the basis of Procyon<\/strong>, the Foton Central Design Bureau developed the ultraviolet telescope-spectrograph OTL-451<\/strong> (Lyra<\/strong>), which, after minor modifications (installation of a pyro-lock to separate the photo cassette from the telescope after the end of the scientific program), was used as the main instrument of the Orion-2<\/strong> astrophysical observatory. <\/span>Later, this telescope was launched on one of the K-4<\/strong> rocket observatories.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kamerton<\/strong> star sensors were subsequently used in the configuration of the K-4<\/strong> rocket observatory, as well as in the technological prototype of the Dragon-500<\/strong> orbital observatory.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Telescope OTL-451 with cassette removed<\/span><\/td>\nOptical design of the OTL-451 telescope, entrance diameter – 240 mm.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0<\/td>\n\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n\"\"<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Removable telescope cassette OTL-451<\/span><\/td>\nTwo star sensors KAMERTON (lenses covered with red covers) on the DRAGON-500 model<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  \u00a0 In 1961, at TsKB Foton (KOMZ), together with TsSKB Progress, work began on the astrophysical satellite PROCION, the scientific director of which was Grigor A. Gurzadyan. In 1964, a government decree was adopted on the creation of the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"no","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7841","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7841","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7841"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7841\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7841"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}