{"id":7972,"date":"2024-12-15T00:16:42","date_gmt":"2024-12-14T20:16:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/?page_id=7972"},"modified":"2024-12-26T01:21:06","modified_gmt":"2024-12-25T21:21:06","slug":"ashot-schmidt-orbital-telescope","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/ashot-schmidt-orbital-telescope\/","title":{"rendered":"ASHOT: Schmidt orbital telescope"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Scientific supervisor \u2013 G. Tovmasyan<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 10%;\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 80%; text-align: justify;\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">In 1989-1991, SKB Granit developed a project for a large orbital telescope of the Schmidt system \u2013 <strong>ASHOT<\/strong> (Astrophysical Schmidt Orbital Telescope) to solve a wide range of astronomical problems:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Scanning of the starry sky in the UV region of the spectrum.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; text-align: justify;\">Detection of galaxies and quasars with active nuclei.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; text-align: justify;\">Study of the morphology of galaxies in the UV, etc.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">This project was international. The ASHOT Observatory was developed in the following cooperation<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory (Armenia)<\/strong> and the <strong>Central Institute of Astrophysics (Babelsberg, GDR)<\/strong> \u2013 scientific program, telescope concept and general management of the experiment.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>SKB Granit (Armenia)<\/strong> \u2013 telescope design, development and production of control and precision guidance systems.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Central Institute of Astrophysics (Babelsberg, GDR)<\/strong> and the enterprise <strong>CARL ZEISS &#8211; Jena (GDR)<\/strong> &#8211; calculation of the optical design, manufacturing of optics, assembly and alignment of the telescope.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>RKK Energia (Russia)<\/strong> \u2013 launching the telescope into orbit, its installation on the space station and operation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Work on the project was stopped due to the collapse of the USSR and the reunification of Germany.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">The optical design of the telescope was a Schmidt system with a reflective correction mirror.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/ashot-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-8989 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/ashot-1-1024x672.jpg\" alt=\"Optical design of the ASHOT telescope\" width=\"720\" height=\"473\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/ashot-1-1024x672.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/ashot-1-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/ashot-1-768x504.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/ashot-1-1536x1008.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/ashot-1.jpg 1724w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Basic parameters of the telescope:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">entrance mirror diameter 800 mm<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">main mirror diameter 1200 mm<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">focal length 2.3 m<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">angular field of view 50<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">linear field size in the focal plane 200 mm<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">angular resolution 2 arcsec.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">spectral range 1400&#8230;6000 A<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">maximum magnitude 24<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">overall dimensions 2780 x 5070 x 1500 mm<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">telescope weight 1000 kg<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">The correction mirror is installed in a biaxial suspension, which ensures its rotation for precise guiding. A diagonal mirror is flat, elliptical in shape. Its purpose is to move the focal plane to an area convenient for the location of detectors. Four detectors are installed on a turntable, <\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">with the help of which the corresponding detector is installed. This platform has the ability to move along the optical axis within \u00b11.5mm for focusing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">The diagonal mirror is placed in a biaxial suspension with piezo actuators for precise guiding. The telescope has a built-in star sensor for offset guiding. The peripheral part of a telescope&#8217;s field of view in which reference stars are selected for guiding, <\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">is constructed using a small diagonal mirror located at a distance of 160 mm from the focal surface.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">The guidance sensor is equipped with a movement mechanism that allows it to be aimed at the selected reference star.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Two options for placing the ASHOT telescope were studied. In one of these options, the telescope was installed in a rotating support device at the MIR orbital station. In the second version, the telescope was placed on a special spacecraft.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">It operated in autonomous flight mode and periodically docked with the orbital station to carry out routine or repair work.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Publications:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">Tovmasyan H.M. , Lorenz, H. , Priebe, A., Richter, G.M., Schmidt, K.-H., Khodzhayants, Yu.M., Krmoyan, M.N., Isadjanyan, R.V., Zakharyan, A.Z. \u201cASHOT \u2013 Astrophisical Schmidt Orbital Telescope\u201d Astronomische Nachrichten. Vol.312. No.5. 1991. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10%;\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Scientific supervisor \u2013 G. Tovmasyan \u00a0 In 1989-1991, SKB Granit developed a project for a large orbital telescope of the Schmidt system \u2013 ASHOT (Astrophysical Schmidt Orbital Telescope) to solve a wide range of astronomical problems: Scanning of the<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"no","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7972","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7972","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7972"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7972\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cosmo.yerphi.am\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7972"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}